Brain Tumors

In this lecture, Professor Zach Murphy delivers a comprehensive breakdown of brain tumors, focusing on their classification, clinical features, diagnostic approach, and management. This high-yield session integrates neuroanatomy, neuropathology, and clinical medicine to differentiate tumors by both histologic type and anatomic location.

We begin by distinguishing supratentorial tumors, more common in adults and often presenting with seizures, focal neurologic deficits, and cognitive changes—from infratentorial tumors, more frequent in children and typically associated with ataxia, brainstem signs, and obstructive hydrocephalus. Examples include glioblastoma, meningioma, and oligodendroglioma in the supratentorial category, and medulloblastoma, ependymoma, and cerebellar astrocytoma in the infratentorial category.

The lecture reviews the clinical manifestations based on tumor location, including signs of increased intracranial pressure, focal deficits, and cranial nerve involvement. We discuss the diagnostic workup with MRI as the gold standard, supplemented by histopathologic evaluation and molecular markers such as IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and MGMT methylation for prognostic and therapeutic guidance.

Finally, we explore treatment strategies including surgical resection, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted molecular therapies, along with management of complications like herniation syndromes.

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Table of Contents:
0:00 Lab
0:46 Pathophysiology of Brain Tumors
34:11 Causes of Brain Tumors
51:40 Classic Findings of Brain Tumors
1:39:50 Complications of Brain Tumors
2:05:34 Diagnostic Approach to Brain Tumors
2:30:10 Treatment Approach to Brain Cancer
2:41:04 Comment, Like, SUBSCRIBE!

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